Optical networks

Optical networks offer efficient data communication. These networks form high capacity telecommunication networks. For this, optical technologies and components are used. These components provide ample routing, grooming and restoration at the wavelength as well as wavelength based services. Optical networks are highly economical and are widely used in internet, video/multimedia interaction and in advanced digital services. A synchronous optical network (SONET) has standard line rates, coding schemes, bit-rate, hierarchies and operations and maintenance functionality. Optical networks offer enhanced fiber capacity, superior restoration capability, reduced cost and better wavelength services. Fiber capacity increase is due to the methods employed here – time division multiplexing (TDM) and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Optical networks can provide superior restoration capability to embedded asynchronous systems without any upgradation to an electrical protection scheme. Optical networks are economical and allow service providers the scope to resell bandwidth.