Microphone is a transducer which converts sound pressure variations into electrical signals of the same frequency and phase and amplitudes in the same proportion as in pressure variations. Quality of a microphone depends on sensitivity, signal to noise ratio, frequency response, distortion, directivity, output impedance etc. Sensitivity is defined as output in mill volts for the sound pressure of 1 microbar. The directivity of a microphone is defined as the angle for half power points in a polar diagram. All pressure microphones have omnidirectional pattern. A good microphone should have high sensitivity, high signal to noise ratio, flat frequency response and low distortion.
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