LIQUID CRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY

Study of materials such as fluids, polymers, colloids, emulsions and liquid crystals is known as soft condensed matter physics. Here we predict the macroscopic behavior by analyzing microscopic properties. With regard to different degree of order of molecules present, matter assumes three states- solid liquid and gas. In the solid state there exist a rigid arrangement of molecules which stay in a fixed position and orientation. In the liquid phase, the molecules have no fixed position or orientation. Liquid molecules are free to move in random manner. The liquid state has less order than the solid state. The order of the molecules has been completely lost in a gas. Temperature is a measure of randomness of the molecules. The higher the temperature, the lower the order. Increasing the temperature, will cause the transition from a solid to a liquid and then to a gaseous state.
Liquid crystal phase is a new phase of matter. Liquid crystals are partially ordered systems without a rigid, long-range structure. Broadly they are classified as thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals. Thermotropic liquid crystals are further classified into three basic types: smectic, nematic and cholesteric.
Liquid crystals are used in Laptop display, crystal clear TVs, glowing thermometer and in liquid crystal displays.